ABSTRACT.- Bromus auleticus, a valuable forage grass native to the Pampa biome, is currently undergoing genetic erosion. Therefore, it is essential to assess appropriate methodologies for developing population genomic studies that will contribute to the conservation of this genetic resource. In this study, we evaluated five accessions using two genotyping strategies: individual sequencing (ind-seq) and pooled sequencing (pool-seq).

ABSTRACT.- Sex determination through genotyping is an efficient tool for verifying recorded sex in sheep. Since males possess only one X chromosome, heterozygous genotypes should not be present in the non-pseudoautosomal region (nPAR) of the X chromosome. There fore, determining the boundaries of the pseudoautosomal region (PAB) is necessary for a reliable sex prediction. Although it is recommended to use SNPs from both the X and Y chromosomes, the SNP chip we used did not contain Y chromosome markers.

ABSTRACT.- This report describes the first documented case of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in a horse following Bothrops snakebite envenomation. A 3-year-old mare developed acute kidney injury, systemic hemorrhage, and neurological signs before euthanasia. Postmortem findings confirmed massive ICH with intralesional venom identified by immunohistochemistry. Delayed treatment and insufficient antivenom likely contributed to the outcome.

Abstract. - A corrected version of this article is published in: Scholz, R., Pereyra, S., Silva, P., & Germán, S. (2025). Resistance to leaf rust in cultivars and wheat lines from Paraguay. Agrociencia Uruguay, 29, e1226. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.29.1226

ABSTRACT. - Foot diseases in small ruminants cause locomotor disorders, leading to significant economic, productive, and health concerns in sheep and goat farming worldwide. The diagnosis and classification of lesions caused by footpad dermatitis are complex and based only on clinical observations in the field. In this context, this study assessed the histopathological and radiographic characteristics of lesions caused by pododermatitis in sheep to improve and deepen the classification of lesions and optimize diagnosis and prognosis.

ABSTRACT. - Ruminants are often singled out as being the main culprits when it comes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, for methane (CH4) in particular. However, with their diets based on forage and grazing, ruminants have a role to play to limit the feed-food competition. Sheep breeders are open to the prospect of including both feed efficiency and GHG emissions in their breeding programmes and whether or not it is for the purpose of genetic (or genomic) selection, the acquisition of new phenotypes for feed efficiency and GHG emissions are essential.

ABSTRACT.- This collaborative work by over 180 researchers from 40+ countries addresses the challenges posed by "phantom agents"_putative pathogenic agents named in literature without supporting data on their existence. Those agents remain on regulatory lists, creating barriers in trade and plant certification. Historically identified based solely on symptoms, these agents lack isolates or sequence data, making reliable detection or risk assessment impossible.

ABSTRACT.- Leptospira kirschneri is an emerging human and animal pathogen. Here we describe 2 unrelated outbreaks of acute fatal leptospirosis caused by L. kirschneri in suckling lambs and calves diagnosed following a flooding event in the spring of 2023 in northern Uruguay. In outbreak 1, the sheep flock was raised in a low-lying area previously used for rice cultivation; 20 lambs died after developing apathy, jaundice, and hemoglobinuria. In outbreak 2, 2 calves were found dead. At autopsy, 4 lambs and 2 calves had marked jaundice, hemoglobinuria, dark-red kidneys, and hepatomegaly.

ABSTRACT.- Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), the causative agent of Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), presents a significant threat to equine populations worldwide. While local EIAV prevalence has been estimated in several studies, no global prevalence has been determined. Thus, this study aimed to review the literature on EIAV prevalence in the 21st century.

ABSTRACT.- The replacement of native grasslands with commercial Eucalyptus plantations has increased in South America. These plantations are typically managed under short rotation regimes for pulp production. Since afforestation can enhance carbon sequestration, the accurate estimation of structural variables at large scales is valuable for sustainable forest management.