ABSTRACT Phosphorus deficiency can be a major limitation to legume growth when plant nitrogen nutrition depends on symbiotic nitrogen fixation. One possible approach to overcome this constraint is the selection of plant and rhizobial genotypes capable of metabolizing complex forms of phosphorus in the nodules. The aim of this research was to study the rhizobial phytase transcript abundance in nodules of two soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown under two different phosphorus conditions in hydroaeroponic conditions.

ABSTRACT. Conventional tillage and mineral fertilization (CTMF) jeopardize soil health in conventional vegetable production systems. Using a field experiment established in Uruguay in 2012, we aimed to compare the soil restoration potential of organic fertilization (compost and poultry manure) combined with conventional tillage and cover crop incorporated into the soil (CTOF) or with reduced tillage and the use of cover crop as mulch (RTOF).

ABSTRACT - Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) is a widely used method for transcript abundance analyses in plants. Relative quantification by qRT-PCR requires the use of a stably expressed reference gene. There are many ?housekeeping? genes reported in different plant species that are used as reference genes. However, it is important that the steady-state mRNA levels of these housekeeping genes are confirmed across different conditions and tissues in each species studied.

RESUMEN. El síndrome de braquiespina es una condición genética de la raza Holstein, detectada en el año 2006. Es causado por una deleción de 3.3 Kb en el gen FANCI localizado en el cromosoma bovino 21. La mutación fue identificada en poblaciones de Holstein de Europa, América del Norte y Asia. Dada la importancia económica del defecto y su amplia distribución mundial, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido la identificación de animales portadores en el núcleo de selección genética de la raza en Uruguay y el diagnóstico molecular del alelo deletéreo en animales del rodeo nacional.

Abstract. Pear is one of the most important temperate fruit crops. Uruguay aims at producing pears of high quality to reach regional markets as well as those of the Northern Hemisphere. Nevertheless, local climate variability and soil conditions frequently pose sanitary challenges for pear production, mainly in the south of the country, where the major pear producing area is located.

Abstract: Pear flower bud necrosis (PFBN) has been observed in Uruguayan orchards affecting the productivity of the trees. Severity of the problem is highly variable across years and despite the fact that it is observed in several countries, the etiology of the disease is not always clear. To elucidate the cause of PFBN, different activities were implemented over several years:surveys of pear orchards to quantify PFBN severity, morphological and histological studies of diseased buds, and isolation of potential pathogenic microorganisms from affected tissues.

Abstract. A selection of 11 microsatellite markers (SSRs) reported for fingerprinting germplasm collections of Pyrus spp. was used to genotype a collection of cultivars and rootstocks. This set of markers included the "minimum core" established by Evans et al. (2009). Cultivars with known origin ('Williams', 'Abbé Fétel' and 'Doyenné du Comice') were included as reference accessions. The comparison was performed among 44 accessions collected from old pear plantations with different commercial origins and date of introduction to the country.

Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden produces good quality cellulose pulp, showing good frost tolerance. However, in Uru-guay, it needs more than six years to reach the reproductive stage. Genome duplication was proposed as a strategy to obtain useful variability. The application of mitosis inhibitors for chromosomal duplication, in explants growing in vitro, was evaluated. Two antimitotic agents were used:colchicine and oryzalin in different concen-trations and exposure times, in two types of explants:explants growing in vitro and pre-germinated seeds.

Este año la Jornada de Agrobiotecnología INIA tuvo como foco el combate a la mosca de la bichera. Atendiendo a la relevancia del tema, participaron en la organización de la jornada:MGAP, INAC, IPA, SUL y el Institut Pasteur de Montevideo. Acceda a las presentaciones:http://inia.uy/estaciones-experimentales/direcciones-regionales/inia-las-brujas/XII-Jornada-de-Agrobiotecnologia-INIA-

El género Paspalum comprende un alto número de especies que aportan buena producción y calidad como forrajeras durante la época estival. En un contexto de cambio climático y ante la oportunidad de aumentar el uso de especies C4 como forrajeras, INIA se encuentra trabajando sobre estrategias para generar resistencia a la "enfermedad azucarada" y así favorecer la formación y desarrollo de semilla en especies de este género.