ABSTRACT.- Wheat occupies a special role in global food security since, in addition to providing 20% of our carbohydrates and protein, almost 25% of the global production is traded internationally. The importance of wheat for food security was recognised by the Chief Agricultural Scientists of the G20 group of countries when they endorsed the establishment of the Wheat Initiative in 2011.

ABSTRACT.- Wheat occupies a special role in global food security since, in addition to providing 20% of our carbohydrates and protein, almost 25% of the global production is traded internationally. The importance of wheat for food security was recognised by the Chief Agricultural Scientists of the G20 group of countries when they endorsed the establishment of the Wheat Initiative in 2011.

ABSTRACT.- Diseases caused by crop residue-dependent pathogens have increased during the last decades in Uruguayan agriculture systems, in particular Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Cochliobolus sativus. Consequently, we searched for the presence of fungal antagonists for these pathogens, particularly Trichoderma. Seven species of Trichoderma inhabiting soils and crop residues were identified. Strains of all identified species had high in vitro antagonistic activity against both pathogens. These results confirm the presence of Trichoderma spp.

ABSTRACT.- Soybean is the main agricultural crop in Uruguay. One of the diseases with the greatest damage potential is Asian soybean rust, with estimated grain yield losses up 80% in the region. Throughout history, different authors have stated the importance of genetic resistance as a fundamental tool to decrease the adverse effects of phytopathogens, leading to agriculture sustainability. The objective of this work was to introduce rust resistance genes into elite lines of INIA's soybean breeding program and to evaluate the enhanced resistance.

ABSTRACT.- Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of cereal grains caused by several Fusarium species, of which Fusarium graminearum is considered the primary causal agent. In this work 586 pure cultures of Fusarium spp. were obtained from infected grains, of which 64.9% belonged to the Fusarium graminearum species complex. 96.4% of those isolates had 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol genotype and the rest exhibited Nivalenol genotype. The second most predominant species was F. poae (19.1%) followed by F. avenaceum (8.2%) and F. tricinctum (4.6%).

Uruguay cuenta con forrajeras nativas C4 que tienen destacada capacidad de adaptación al cambio climático pero con limitaciones en producción de semilla, aspectos sanitarios y en calidad de forraje que afectan aspectos de salud/bienestar animal y las emisiones netas de gases de efecto invernadero. Nuestra hipótesis de trabajo es que el conocimiento genómico de P. malacophyllum contribuirá a desentrañar fuentes de inmunidad reportada en la especie. Más aún, su empleo en el programa de mejoramiento de P.

En este trabajo, evaluamos el efecto in vivo de la administración de dsRNAs por inyección e ingesta en la viabilidad de P. guildinii como posible estrategia de control.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue el estudio de las poblaciones de cianobacterias y microrganismos asociados al sedimento utilizando 3 metodologías distintas:microscopía óptica, secuenciación del gen 16S ARNr, y qPCR.

Uruguay inició en la década de los sesenta, el desarrollo de tecnología para elaborar inoculantes de alta calidad para leguminosas, que fueron ampliamente adoptados por el sector productivo.