ABSTRACT.- Supplementing plants with silicon (Si) often improves plant productivity and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses, but this is mostly reported in highly controlled experimental environments. The ecological consequences of Si supplementation, including environmental benefits and potential risks, are therefore poorly understood and require field-scale evaluation of how Si supplementation affects the wider ecosystem, such as invertebrate communities and soil physicochemical properties.

ABSTRACT.- Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is primarily managed by foliar fungicide spraying, which can result in residues in the grain. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the risks these residues pose to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicide management used for RLS control and their fungicide residues in barley grain.

ABSTRACT.- Changes in land use/land cover (LULC) directly or indirectly affect water quality in watercourses and impoundments. Sustainable management strategies aimed to enhance ecosystem health and community well-being require an accurate water-quality evaluation.

ABSTRACT.- Changes in land use/land cover (LULC) directly or indirectly affect water quality in watercourses and impoundments. Sustainable management strategies aimed to enhance ecosystem health and community well-being require an accurate water-quality evaluation.

ABSTRACT.- Context:In the temperate-humid region of Argentina, nitrogen (N) fertilisers in maize (Zea mays L.) are mainly applied around sowing, whereas N-splitting is rare and occurs during early vegetative stages. Splitting and late N fertilisation, even up to silking (R1), effects on yield have been recently studied. However, to the extent of our knowledge, these studies have mainly focused on the effect of these strategies on maize yield, but less on the crop N economy.

ABSTRACT.- Colloquially known as Soybean Stem Fly, Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner, 1901) (Diptera, Agro-myzidae) is an oligophagous pest of plants in the family Fabaceae, including Uruguay?s biggest commodity crop, Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). To our knowledge, this is the first scientific record of M. sojae in Uruguay, and we confirm its identity through using DNA barcoding. Characteristic damage to host plants and immature stages of M. sojae were confirmed in Dolores and Colonia, Uruguay. © The authors.

ABSTRACT.- Conyza bonariensis L. (hairy fleabane) is a significant weed in production systems, especially due to its evolving resistance to various herbicides. In Uruguay, control failures of C. bonariensis have been reported following the use of glyphosate and ALS inhibitors. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of the multiple and cross-resistance of C. bonariensis to glyphosate, chlorimuron, and diclosulam, and to assess the efficacy of alternative herbicides against these resistant biotypes.

ABSTRACT.- Conyza bonariensis L. (hairy fleabane) is a significant weed in production systems, especially due to its evolving resistance to various herbicides. In Uruguay, control failures of C. bonariensis have been reported following the use of glyphosate and ALS inhibitors. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of the multiple and cross-resistance of C. bonariensis to glyphosate, chlorimuron, and diclosulam, and to assess the efficacy of alternative herbicides against these resistant biotypes.

ABSTRACT.- Bt soybean cultivation is increasing worldwide. The Cry1Ac protein expressed in Bt soybean efficiently controls several lepidopteran pests. The stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), a major pest for soybean in the Americas, is not controlled by Bt crops, although possible sub-lethal effects may occur. Even if there were no negative effects for sting bug, ingesting toxins could affect its bio-controllers. We tested through ELISA detection if P. guildinii ingests Cry1Ac from Bt soybean and possible effects on its development, reproduction, survival, and feeding behavior.

ABSTRACT.- Bt soybean cultivation is increasing worldwide. The Cry1Ac protein expressed in Bt soybean efficiently controls several lepidopteran pests. The stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), a major pest for soybean in the Americas, is not controlled by Bt crops, although possible sub-lethal effects may occur. Even if there were no negative effects for sting bug, ingesting toxins could affect its bio-controllers. We tested through ELISA detection if P. guildinii ingests Cry1Ac from Bt soybean and possible effects on its development, reproduction, survival, and feeding behavior.