ABSTRACT.- Sorghum is the third major rainfed summer crop after maize and soybean in Uruguay. Worldwide this crop is affected by Fusarium spp. that infect and colonize panicles, kernels, peduncles, stalks, and roots, causing yield losses and threatening grain quality. In Uruguay, F. graminearum sensu stricto (F. graminearum s.s.) is the predominant species in grain, followed by F. proliferatum, F. andiyazi, F. fujikuroi, and F. thapsinum, but little is known about these species in the country.

ABSTRACT.- Agriculture, energy, and the environment are interdependent dimensions essential for agro-ecosystem sustainability. This chapter focuses on biomass carbon (C)-based practices as the primary pathway to develop resilient, regenerative, profitable, and environmentally friendly production systems. It includes case studies on C balance with biomass-C inputs across production systems in South and North America.

ABSTRACT.- The emerald ash borer (EAB) is an invasive beetle that has killed hundreds of millions of ash trees throughout North America since its arrival. The use of entomopathogenic fungi as part of integrated pest management approaches is considered effective against a wide range of insect pests. The aim of this study was to screen and select locally adapted EAB-associated entomopathogenic fungi with ovicidal effect on EAB eggs under laboratory conditions.

ABSTRACT.- The ability of plant microbial symbionts to enhance hosts ' fitness depends on the abiotic and biotic context, including the presence of co-existing symbionts. We studied how the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affects the performance of a host grass associated or not with fungal asexual endophytes, growing either alone or in interaction with a legume hosting nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

ABSTRACT.- Recognizing evaluation results as a crucial source of information to support RD&I management, this article introduces 'AgroRadarEval', an interactive tool aimed at fulfilling theoretical, conceptual, and practical gaps concerning the systematization of the use of evaluation results in agricultural RD&I.

ABSTRACT.- The rice sector is facing the challenge of increasing rice yields while maintaining or improving input use efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the most effective vegetation indices for monitoring nitrogen uptake (N uptake) under different irrigation techniques. The study was conducted in Uruguay over two rice-growing seasons. A split plot experimental design featured two irrigation treatments (main plots): continuous flooding (C) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD).
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ABSTRACT.- Infection by gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in sheep is a significant health issue that affects animal welfare and leads to economic losses in the production sector. Genetic selection for parasite resistance has shown promise in improving animal health and productivity. This study aimed to determine if incorporating genomic data into genetic prediction models currently used in Uruguay could improve the accuracy of breeding value estimations for GIN resistance in the Australian Merino breed.

ABSTRACT.- Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a key global crop essential for food security. Enhancing wheat productivity is crucial to meet growing food demands. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) such as QFFE.perg-5A and QFEm.perg-3A have been previously linked to fruiting efficiency at the spike level, but their effects on plot-level yield components remain unexplored. 4290/© 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved.

ABSTRACT.- Introduction: Improving the feed efficiency (FE) in ruminants offers significant potential for optimizing the use of natural feed resource while simultaneously

ABSTRACT.- There is a need for rigorous and scientifically-based testing standards for existing and new enteric methane mitigation technologies, including antimethanogenic feed additives (AMFA). The current review provides guidelines for conducting and analyzing data from experiments with ruminants intended to test the antimethanogenic and production effects of feed additives.