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Resultados experimentales de la evaluación nacional de cultivares de especies forrajeras: anuales, bianuales y perennes. Período 2023.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
64925

CONTENIDO: I. Presentación. -- II. Evaluación de cultivares de especies forrajeras en La Estanzuela. Actualización de resultados 2023. (Ing. Agr. (Ph.D.) Marina Castro - INIA, Ing. Agr. (M.Sc.) María José Cuitiño - INIA). -- 1. Introducción. -- 2. Registros meteorológicos de La Estanzuela, Uruguay. -- 3. Agregado de nutrientes. -- 4. Lista de cultivares en evaluación. -- 4.1. La Estanzuela y Salto (esta localidad sólo para tres especies). -- Gramíneas: Cultivares evaluados en La Estanzuela, Uruguay, durante 2023. -- 5. Cereales para producción de forraje. Avena forrajera: Avena sativa L.

Effect of corn grain or lupin bean supplementation on performance of growing steers grazing endophyte-infected fescue and on subsequent finishing period.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
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ABSTRACT.- Our objective was to compare performance and carcass characteristics of backgrounding steers grazing poor quality pasture, receiving energy or protein supplements during summer, and on subsequent finishing period. Sixty Hereford steers (14 months; 348+-3 kg body weight [BW]) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to one of three treatments (n = 20 per treatment): control (non-supplemented) and supplemented at 0.8% BW with whole grain of corn (CS) or lupin bean (LS) (phase I; 77 days). Over the following 84 days, none of the steers had access to supplement (phase II).

SMARTER-database: a tool to integrate SNP array datasets for sheep and goat breeds.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
64970

ABSTRACT.- Underutilized sheep and goat breeds can adapt to challenging environments due to their genetics. Integrating publicly available genomic datasets with new data will facilitate genetic diversity analyses; however, this process is complicated by data discrepancies, such as outdated assembly versions or different data formats. Here, we present the SMARTER-database, a collection of tools and scripts to standardize genomic data and metadata, mainly from SNP chip arrays on global small ruminant populations, with a focus on reproducibility.

Cropland functional diversity increases ecosystem services supply in watersheds of the Rio de la Plata Grasslands.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
64975

ABSTRACT.- Context: Implementing heterogeneous rural landscapes with high agricultural diversity and a substantial proportion of natural habitats has been proposed to ensure food production while reducing negative impacts on ecosystem services. However, evidence of an increased supply of ecosystem services (ES) in more heterogeneous landscapes remains limited, with no consensus. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the spatial cropland system's diversity and landscape configuration on indicators of the supply of ES in agricultural landscapes of the Rio de la Plata Grasslands region.

First record of Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) affecting Canola in Uruguay.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
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ABSTRACT.- The leafminer Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is an oligophagous pest of plants of the family Cruciferae. These include Canola, Brassica napus L. We report the record of P. rufipes in Uruguay, which is confirmed through molecular characterization using DNA barcoding. Characteristic damage symptoms and immature stages of the pest were first confirmed on a Canola crop in Flores, Uruguay. © The authors.

Informe agroclimático 2024- Situación a Octubre.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
64976

CONTENIDO. -- Síntesis de la situación agroclimática de octubre -- Perspectivas climáticas trimestrales elaboradas por el IRI de la Universidad de Columbia (Más información puede encontrarse en el sitio del IRI: http://www.iri.columbia.edu) -- Índice de vegetación (NDVI) -- Precipitaciones -- Porcentaje de agua disponible (PAD) -- Agua no retenida (ANR) -- Índice de bienestar hídrico (IBH) -- Perspectivas climáticas nov-dic-ene elaboradas por el IRI de la Universidad de Columbia. -- Destacamos para este mes: Pronóstico de DON en trigo.

New insights to understand the influence of hairy vetch on maize yield and its response to nitrogen application.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
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ABSTRACT.- Including hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) in a crop sequence before maize (Zea mays L.) can enhance the cash crop grain yield and reduce nitrogen (N) fertilizer needs, though the effects are inconsistent. This study aimed to identify the variables influencing maize grain yield response to hairy vetch as a preceding cover crop and N fertilization in maize following hairy vetch. We conducted 70 experiments evaluating four treatments resulting from the inclusion (or not) of hairy vetch previous to maize with and without subsequent N fertilization. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

Informe agroclimático 2024- Situación a Noviembre.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
64977

CONTENIDO. -- Síntesis de la situación agroclimática de noviembre-- Perspectivas climáticas trimestrales elaboradas por el IRI de la Universidad de Columbia (Más información puede encontrarse en el sitio del IRI: http://www.iri.columbia.edu) -- Índice de vegetación (NDVI) -- Precipitaciones -- Porcentaje de agua disponible (PAD) -- Agua no retenida (ANR) -- Índice de bienestar hídrico (IBH) -- Perspectivas climáticas dic-ene-feb elaboradas por el IRI de la Universidad de Columbia. -- Destacamos para este mes: INIA móvil.

Phylodynamic insights into global emergence and diversification of the tomato pathogen Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
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ABSTRACT.- The emergence of plant pathogens is often associated with waves of unique evolutionary and epidemiological events. Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri is one of the major pathogensca using bacterial spot disease of tomatoes. After its frst report in the 1950s, there were no formal reports on this pathogen until the 1990s, despite active global research on the pathogens that cause tomato and pepper bacterial spot disease. Given the recently documented global distribution of X. hortorum pv. gardneri, our objective was to examine genomic diversification associated with its emergence.

Botanical composition gradients in silvopastoral systems on temperate native grasslands of Uruguay.

Enviado por Anónimo (no verificado) el
64742

ABSTRACT.- Silvopastoral systems may provide important production and environmental benefits. The loss of cool-season (C3) grasses from temperate grazed native grasslands is associated with selective grazing and excessive solar radiation that limit their survival. Silvopastoral systems integrate trees with grasslands that provide shade to both cattle and herbaceous plants, potentially favoring C3 species. There is limited information about the effect of trees on the species and functional composition of native grasslands in the Campos biome in South America. The objective