RESUMEN:

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la abundancia mitocondrial hepática en dos genotipos Holstein en un sistema pastoril durante lactancia media-tardía. Para este trabajo se utilizaron vacas del genotipo Holstein neozelandés y del genotipo Holstein norteamericano, las mismas pastorearon una pastura mixta de Medicago sativa y Dactylis glomerata y suplementadas con concentrados y reservas forrajeras. Se tomaron biopsias de hígado y

This research project was focused in minimizing inorganic arsenic levels in polished rice grain while maintaining crop yield and water productivity of the most planted Indica cultivar in Uruguay, INIA Merin. Two experiments were conducted during seasons 2018-2019 and 2019-2020.

The rice sector is facing the challenge to keep increasing rice yields while maintaining or improving input use efficiency. This research has shown that the recommended nitrogen fertilization rate based on soil analyses, determined the highest yield with no statistically significant differences with the fertilization 50% above it.

The maintenance of an adequate soil nutrient status is crucial for ensuring food security while avoiding nutrient imbalances, mining, or enrichment that may lead to environmental damage. In Uruguay, the traditional rice-pasture rotation, allowing for direct livestock grazing, has gradually shifted towards more intensive rotations over the last decade, primarily adopting a rice-soybean rotation.

Introduction: Flight distance (FD) is a temperament test associate to lying time of dairy cows in early lactation and under a conventional millking system. Objective: To determine the relationship between FD test of Holstein cows in late lactation and grazing behavior under conventional milking system.

INTRODUCTION: In livestock, the advancement of genotyping technology has introduced new methods for assessing inbreeding based on single nucleotide polymorphism. Homozygosity runs (ROH) provide a more accurate method for estimating past and recent inbreeding rates at the individual/population level compared to traditional pedigree-based estimations or in the absence of pedigree records. Furthermore, ROH metrics can be used for the identification of regions under strong selection and
provide insights into evolutionary trends over time.

ABSTRACT.- Throughout their domestication, sheep have adapted to environmental heterogeneity, from the tropics to the highlands. Climate and human selection have shaped the genome and left genetic 'fingerprints' on breeds bred in diverse regions worldwide. The small ruminants have evolved to be highly efficient and provide
a valuable model for identifying the genetic pathways and mechanisms underlying adaptation.

ABSTRACT.- Runs of Homozygosity (ROH) are continuous homozygous segments in an individual's genome, typically resulting from inbreeding or population bottlenecks (Ceballos et al., 2018).

Llos servicios ecosistémicos son esenciales para el desarrollo de una ganadería sostenible, donde el aprovechamiento y promoción de estos servicios no solo mejora la salud y productividad de las recursos naturales, sino que también contribuye a la sostenibilidad ambiental, económica y social de los productores y su entorno territorial y de los servicios conexos asociados a los diferentes actores incorporados en la producción, industrialización, transporte, servicios de apoyo, agronegocio, exportación, alimentación, etc.