Uruguay has 1 million ha forested with exotic species, and 75% of this area is in Eucalyptus plantations. A national silvicultural practice characterized by large-scale plantations with monocultural stands makes it mandatory to carry out phytosanitary surveillance to prevent the entrance of new pests. A signifi cant increase in insect invasions on Eucalyptus production areas has been observed in recent years. Gall-forming insects cause concern because of the risk they pose to young plantations. Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is considered one of the most invasive species reported in Eucalyptus. It colonized the region in 2008 when it was found in Brazil. It was offi cially reported in Uruguay in 2013. Although no economic losses have been recorded in Uruguay to date, it is considered a serious problem in Brazil and Argentina. Current studies on gall-forming insects in Eucalyptus are scarce in Uruguay. In order to develop management strategies for this species and others in this guild, a national survey has been implemented, and studies on bioecology and species distribution are ongoing.