Soybean is a major commodity crop in Uruguay, and genetic diversity is essential for crop breeding programs to achieve genetic gain, adaptation, and stability. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of a soybean diversity panel from China were characterized by the Soybean Breeding Program of the National Institute of Agricultural Research of Uruguay (ISBP) in order to assess its potential for use in the program.

Soybean grain quality with high protein and oil content is in high demand by domestic and international markets. The National Agricultural Research Institute of Uruguay (INIA) soybean breeding program aims to develop varieties that can meet those requirements.

In Uruguay, anthelmintic resistance (AR) is a wide spread phenomenon amongst sheep farms and the main resistant and abundan speciesis Haemonchus contortus (H.contortus). This study aimed to implement the adoption of a targeted selective treatment program using the Famacha© system, to reduce the selection pressure of resistant H.contortus among sheep, under extensive farming.

Soybean is the most important crop in Uruguay. Stem canker caused by Diaporthe caulivora is one of the most yield limiting diseases, causing up to 24% yield losses.

Red-banded stink bug Piezodorus guildinii (P. guildinii) has been described as the most damaging stink bug regarding soybean crops, leading to seed injury, low germination percentages and foliar retention, even at low population densities. In this work the first P. guildinii transcriptome from a pool of all developmental stages was assembled, annotated and RNAi components were analyzed.

Causas potenciales del crecimiento demográfico. -- Biología vector:Dalbulus maidis. -- ID del vector:Dalbulus maidis. -- Complejo patogénico achaparramiento del maíz. -- Transmisión patógenos achaparramiento. -- Monitoreo y manejo de la chicharrita del maíz vector del achaparramiento. (Cartilla 108). -- Monitoreo y manejo de pulgón amarillo del sorgo (Cartilla 97). -- Estrategia de manejo. -- Primera detección:¿mi chacra está en riesgo?. -- Relevamiento achaparramiento. -- Escala síntomas foliares (R4). -- Escala síntomas espiga. -- Red Uruguaya de Monitoreo de la Chicharrita INIA.

La yerba carnicera o conyza (Conyza sumatrensis) es una maleza de elevada capacidad adaptativa a los sistemas productivos uruguayos, en especial por presentar fallas de control después de la aplicación de los herbicidas glifosato e inhibidores de la acetolactato sintasa (I-ALS). El objetivo del trabajo fue confirmar la presencia y nivel de resistencia de C. sumatrensis a glifosato (GLI), diclosulam (DIC) y clorimuron (CLO), a partir de ensayos de curvas de dosis respuesta e investigar la ocurrencia de mutaciones en el gen ALS como mecanismo de resistencia asociado a los I-ALS.

ABSTRACT.- Random-regression models (RRM) are used for dairy cattle genetic evaluations in many countries. The output of a genetic evaluation with RRM is an estimated breeding value (EBV) for a specific function of the additive genetic random regression coefficients, say, 305-d milk yield and its corresponding reliability. The reliability of an EBV in RRM is calculated from the inverse of the coefficient matrix of mixed model equations (MME). The objective of this study was to develop an efficient method to approximate reliabilities for RRM with ssGBLUP.

ABSTRACT.- Determining the optimal defoliation frequency is essential to increase the productivity of pasture-based dairy systems. An experiment was carried out to study the effect of the defoliation regimen around flowering time on the evolution of chemical composition and nutritional value of orchardgrass. The experiment was conducted on a 4-year-old orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata cv 'INIA Perseo') pasture at the experimental station "La Estanzuela" (INIA, Uruguay).

ABSTRACT.- Efficient pasture-based animal production systems require optimisation of forage production with the highest nutritive value. Increasing the defoliation regimen of pastures allows to improve the nutritive value of forage for ruminants but it can be detrimental for total biomass production. An experiment was carried out to study the effect of the defoliation regimen around flowering time on productivity, chemical composition and nutritional value of tall fescue.